Testicular pain and injuries are an unusual but important first aid presentation to consider. Many individuals presenting with this complaint may feel uncomfortable discussing this with a stranger or even close family member. There...

A seizure (fit) is caused by a disturbance of electrical activity in the brain. It usually results in uncontrolled movements and impaired consciousness. A seizure can be very alarming to witness, especially if it...

Any open wound – one where there is a break in the skin – should be covered with a dressing to help prevent infection until new skin has had a chance to form over...

When treating open wounds it is important to protect both yourself and the patient from any risk of infection. The most likely source of contamination is body fluids – saliva, vomit or other secretions...

An injury to the head, neck or back may damage the bones (vertebrae) of the spinal column, the discs between them, the supporting ligaments and muscles, or the spinal cord itself. A spinal injury...

Shock in a medical sense is quite different from emotional or psychological shock. It means that the body’s circulation has failed, and insufficient blood supply is reaching vital organs. Shock, if progressive, can be...

The bones of the leg can be broken by impact, twisting or direct blows. Knees are commonly injured in sporting accidents and falls. The femur or thighbone is the strongest bone in the body...

The most common form of hip injury is a fracture of the neck of the femur (thigh bone) within the hip joint. The pelvis itself is usually injured by an indirect force such as...

A fractured collarbone is a common injury, usually resulting from a blow or fall on to the shoulder or a fall onto the outstretched hand. The clavicles or collarbones join the shoulder blades to...

A broken arm entails that one or more than one of the bones in a person’s arm have been cracked due to an injury, which is a common incident among both adults as well...

Any head injury is potentially serious because of the risk of skull fracture or damage to the brain. There is also a risk of associated neck and spinal injury. A head injury can trigger...

People can develop an allergy to anything. Common causes include drugs and medicines, foods, pollen and insect bites or stings. An asthma attack may be triggered by an allergic reaction. The most common foods...

An EpiPen® is a life-saving device used to help patients suffering from an Anaphylactic reaction. The device contains an auto-injecting syringe of the drug Epinephrine / Adrenaline which is administered into the outer thigh....

The two primary emergencies that can arise in diabetic patients are very high and very low blood sugar. In medical terms, high blood sugar is called hyperglycemia, low blood sugar is called hypoglycemia. In...